显示标签为“Life Science”的博文。显示所有博文
显示标签为“Life Science”的博文。显示所有博文

2012年11月11日星期日

PHY131H1F Fall 2012 - Class and Homework Schedule


PHY131H1F Fall 2012 - Class and Homework Schedule 

First Half of Semester: Jason Harlow

Classes are from 11:10 AM to 12:00 noon in Convocation Hall, or from 5:10 to 6:00 PM in MP102.  Students should attend one class or the other each day.  Participation in clicker quizzes from either will count toward your class participation mark, regardless of which section you are enrolled in. Below is an approximate schedule and list of reading assignments, subject to change.
Reading from: Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics and MasteringPhysics(TM) (3rd Edition) by Randall D. Knight, ©2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Class
Date
Topics
Homework
Required Reading, to dobefore class
More Stuff
1
Mon, Sep 10
  • Introduction to PHY131: The structure of the course
  • What you need to do to succeed and learn a lot


2
Wed, Sep 12
  • Motion Diagrams
  • Position, velocity, and acceleration
  • Problem solving
  • Scaling
  • Units
Preclass quiz due by 8:00am

Introduction to MasteringPhysics
 on MasteringPhysics [For Practice only - not for marks]
Pgs. 1-28
Ch.
 1
Preclass Video

Powerpoint slides

Handwritten notes
3
Mon, Sep 17
  • Error Analysis
  • Significant figures
Preclass quiz due by 8:00am
4
Wed, Sep 19
  • Constant Velocity Motion
  • Constant Acceleration Motion
  • Freefall, Motion on an inclined plane
Preclass quiz due by 8:00am

Problem Set 1 on MasteringPhysics due Fri. Sep. 21 at 11:59pm, Chs 1, 2 + Error Analysis
Pgs. 33-61 
Ch.
 2
Handwritten notes

5
Mon, Sep 24
  • Scalars and vectors
  • Coordinate systems, Components
  • Vector Algebra
Preclass quiz due by 8:00am
Pgs. 69-81
Ch.
 3
Preclass Video

  Meyertholen Slides:PowerPoint
PDF

Handwritten notes
6
Wed, Sep 26
  • Kinematics in Two Dimensions
  • Projectile Motion
  • Relative Motion
Preclass quiz due by 8:00am
Problem Set 2 on MasteringPhysics due Fri. Sep. 28 at 11:59pm, Chs 3, 4.1-4.4
Pgs. 85-97
Ch. 4, sections 4.1 to 4.4
Preclass Video

Powerpoint slides

Handwritten notes
7
Mon, Oct. 1
  • Review for Test
No homework

Test 1 Tue, Oct 2, 6:00 PMChs. 1-3, First 4 sections of Ch.4, and Error Analysis Document




Class
Date
Topics
Homework
Required Reading, to dobefore class
More
8
Wed, Oct. 3
  • Circular Motion
No homework
Pgs. 98-108
Ch. 4, sections 4.5 to 4.7
Preclass Video

Oct. 8 no classTHANKSGIVING


9
Wed. Oct. 10
  • Forces, Free Body Diagrams
  • Newton’s Second Law
  • Newton’s First Law
Preclass quiz due by 8:00am
Problem Set 3 on MasteringPhysics due Fri. Oct. 12 at 11:59pm, Sec 4.5-4.7, Ch. 5

Pgs. 116-133
Ch.
 5
Preclass Video

Powerpoint slides

Handwritten notes
10
Mon. Oct. 15
  • Equilibrium 
  • Mass, Weight, Gravity
    Preclass quiz due by 8:00am
    Pgs. 138-147
    Ch.
     6, sections 6.1 to 6.3
    Preclass Video

    Powerpoint slides

    Handwritten notes
    11
    Wed. Oct. 17
    • Friction, Drag
    • Rolling without slipping
    • Examples of Newton’s Second Law
    Preclass quiz due by 8:00am
    Problem Set 4 on MasteringPhysics due Fri. Oct. 19 at 11:59pm, Ch. 6
    Pgs. 148-159
    Ch.
     6, sections 6.4 to 6.6

    Preclass Video

    Powerpoint slides

    Handwritten notes
    12
    Mon. Oct. 22
    • Action / Reaction Pairs
    • Newton’s Third Law
    • Ropes and Pulleys
    Preclass quiz due by 8:00am
    Pgs. 167-184
    Ch.
     7
    Preclass Video

    Powerpoint slides

    Handwritten notes
    13
    Wed. Oct. 24
    • Dynamics in Two Dimensions
    • Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion
    • Fictitious Forces
    Preclass quiz due by 8:00am
    Problem Set 5 on MasteringPhysics due Fri. Oct. 26 at 11:59pm, Chs. 7 and 8
    Pgs. 191-209
    Ch. 8
    14-24
    Oct. 29 - Dec. 5Go to: Andrew Meyertholen's Class and Homework Schedule

     Test 2 is Tuesday November 20 at 6:00pm on Chapters 4-11.
     Final Exam is Thursday Dec. 13 at 2:00pm on the entire course.

     Helpful Links for extra studying:
    Suggested End-Of-Chapter Material from Knight, Physics for Scientists and Engineers, 3rd edition (not for marks)
    Chapter 1: Conceptual Questions 1, 7.  Exercises and Problems: 9, 15, 23, 29, 43
    Chapter 2: Conceptual Questions 8, 10, 12.  Exercises and Problems: 7, 13, 19, 35, 41, 45, 51, 77
    Chapter 3: Exercises and Problems 5, 9, 33, 43
    Chapter 4: Conceptual Questions 4, 8, 14. Exercises and Problems 7, 13, 15, 21, 27, 47, 55, 65, 81
    Chapter 5: Conceptual Questions 5, 7, 15.  Exercises and Problems 3, 7, 13, 25, 35, 53, 55
    Chapter 6: Conceptual Questions 2, 10, 16.  Exercises and Problems 3, 11, 15, 23, 25, 45, 49, 55
    Chapter 7: Conceptual Questions 5, 6, 15.  Exercises and Problems 5, 7, 9, 13, 17, 43, 55
    Chapter 8: Conceptual Questions 4, 6, 7.  Exercises and Problems 5, 13, 19, 32, 43, 49, 53 [Answer to 32 is 34 m/s]
    Past PHY131 Tests of Harlow, with solutions:

    IF YOU HAVE THE OLD 2nd EDITION TEXTBOOK:
    Suggested End-Of-Chapter Material from Knight, Physics for Scientists and Engineers, 2nd edition (not for marks):
    Chapter 1: Conceptual Questions 1, 7.  Exercises and Problems: 9, 15, 23, 29, 43
    Chapter 2: Conceptual Questions 8, 10, 12.  Exercises and Problems: 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 45, 63, 77
    Chapter 4: Conceptual Questions 4, 9, 15. Exercises and Problems 5, 11, 15, 21, 27, 53, 59, 67, 83
    Chapter 5: Conceptual Questions 5, 7, 15.  Exercises and Problems 3, 7, 13, 25, 35, 53
    Chapter 6: Conceptual Questions 2, 13, 19.  Exercises and Problems 3, 11, 15, 23, 25, 43, 47, 69
    Chapter 7: Conceptual Questions 5, 6, 15.  Exercises and Problems 5, 7, 9, 17, 31, 41, 53
    Chapter 8: Conceptual Questions 1, 6, 7.  Exercises and Problems 5, 13, 19, 31, 35, 41, 49

    常用物理公式大全

    一、质点的运动(1)------直线运动
      1)匀变速直线运动
      1.平均速度V平=S/t (定义式)
      2.有用推论Vt^2 –Vo^2=2as
      3.中间时刻速度Vt/2=V平=(Vt+Vo)/2
      4.末速度Vt=Vo+at
      5.中间位置速度Vs/2=[(Vo^2 +Vt^2)/2]1/2
      6.位移S= V平t=Vot + at^2/2=Vt/2t
      7.加速度a=(Vt-Vo)/t 以Vo为正方向,a与Vo同向(加速)a>0;反向则a<0
      8.实验用推论ΔS=aT^2 ΔS为相邻连续相等时间(T)内位移之差
      9.主要物理量及单位:初速(Vo):m/s
      加速度(a):m/s^2 末速度(Vt):m/s
      时间(t):秒(s) 位移(S):米(m) 路程:米 速度单位换算:1m/s=3.6Km/h
      注:(1)平均速度是矢量。(2)物体速度大,加速度不一定大。(3)a=(Vt-Vo)/t只是量度式,不是决定式。(4)其它相关内容:质点/位移和路程/s--t图/v--t图/速度与速率/
      2) 自由落体
      1.初速度Vo=0
      2.末速度Vt=gt
      3.下落高度h=gt^2/2(从Vo位置向下计算)4.推论Vt^2=2gh
      注:(1)自由落体运动是初速度为零的匀加速直线运动,遵循匀变速度直线运动规律。
      (2)a=g=9.8 m/s^2≈10m/s^2 重力加速度在赤道附近较小,在高山处比平地小,方向竖直向下。
      3) 竖直上抛
      1.位移S=Vot- gt^2/2 2.末速度Vt= Vo- gt (g=9.8≈10m/s2 )
      3.有用推论Vt^2 –Vo^2=-2gS 4.上升最大高度Hm=Vo^2/2g (抛出点算起)
      5.往返时间t=2Vo/g (从抛出落回原位置的时间)
      注:(1)全过程处理:是匀减速直线运动,以向上为正方向,加速度取负值。(2)分段处理:向上为匀减速运动,向下为自由落体运动,具有对称性。(3)上升与下落过程具有对称性,如在同点速度等值反向等。
      二、质点的运动(2)----曲线运动 万有引力
      1)平抛运动
      1.水平方向速度Vx= Vo 2.竖直方向速度Vy=gt
      3.水平方向位移Sx= Vot 4.竖直方向位移(Sy)=gt^2/2
      5.运动时间t=(2Sy/g)1/2 (通常又表示为(2h/g)1/2)
      6.合速度Vt=(Vx^2+Vy^2)1/2=[Vo^2+(gt)^2]1/2
      合速度方向与水平夹角β: tgβ=Vy/Vx=gt/Vo
      7.合位移S=(Sx^2+ Sy^2)1/2 ,
      位移方向与水平夹角α: tgα=Sy/Sx=gt/2Vo
      注:(1)平抛运动是匀变速曲线运动,加速度为g,通常可看作是水平方向的匀速直线运动与竖直方向的自由落体运动的合成。(2)运动时间由下落高度h(Sy)决定与水平抛出速度无关。(3)θ与β的关系为tgβ=2tgα 。(4)在平抛运动中时间t是解题关键。(5)曲线运动的物体必有加速度,当速度方向与所受合力(加速度)方向不在同一直线上时物体做曲线运动。
      2)匀速圆周运动
      1.线速度V=s/t=2πR/T 2.角速度ω=Φ/t=2π/T=2πf
      3.向心加速度a=V^2/R=ω^2R=(2π/T)^2R 4.向心力F心=Mv^2/R=mω^2*R=m(2π/T)^2*R
      5.周期与频率T=1/f 6.角速度与线速度的关系V=ωR
      7.角速度与转速的关系ω=2πn (此处频率与转速意义相同)
      8.主要物理量及单位: 弧长(S):米(m) 角度(Φ):弧度(rad) 频率(f):赫(Hz)
      周期(T):秒(s) 转速(n):r/s 半径(R):米(m) 线速度(V):m/s
      角速度(ω):rad/s 向心加速度:m/s2
      注:(1)向心力可以由具体某个力提供,也可以由合力提供,还可以由分力提供,方向始终与速度方向垂直。(2)做匀速度圆周运动的物体,其向心力等于合力,并且向心力只改变速度的方向,不改变速度的大小,因此物体的动能保持不变,但动量不断改变。
      3)万有引力
      1.开普勒第三定律T2/R3=K(=4π^2/GM) R:轨道半径T :周期K:常量(与行星质量无关)
      2.万有引力定律F=Gm1m2/r^2 G=6.67×10^-11N·m^2/kg^2方向在它们的连线上
      3.天体上的重力和重力加速度GMm/R^2=mg g=GM/R^2 R:天体半径(m)
      4.卫星绕行速度、角速度、周期V=(GM/R)1/2 ω=(GM/R^3)1/2 T=2π(R^3/GM)1/2
      5.第一(二、三)宇宙速度V1=(g地r地)1/2=7.9Km/s V2=11.2Km/s V3=16.7Km/s
      6.地球同步卫星GMm/(R+h)^2=m*4π^2(R+h)/T^2 h≈3.6 km h:距地球表面的高度
      注:(1)天体运动所需的向心力由万有引力提供,F心=F万。(2)应用万有引力定律可估算天体的质量密度等。(3)地球同步卫星只能运行于赤道上空,运行周期和地球自转周期相同。(4)卫星轨道半径变小时,势能变小、动能变大、速度变大、周期变小。(5)地球卫星的最大环绕速度和最小发射速度均为7.9Km/S。
      机械能
      1.功
      (1)做功的两个条件: 作用在物体上的力.
      物体在里的方向上通过的距离.
      (2)功的大小: W=Fscosa 功是标量 功的单位:焦耳(J)
      1J=1N*m
      当0<= a <派/2 w>0 F做正功F是动力
      当a=派/2 w=0 (cos派/2=0) F不作功
      当 派/2<= a <派W<0 F做负功F是阻力
      (3)总功的求法:
      W总=W1+W2+W3……Wn
      W总=F合Scosa
      2.功率
      (1) 定义:功跟完成这些功所用时间的比值.
      P=W/t 功率是标量 功率单位:瓦特(w)
      此公式求的是平均功率
      1w=1J/s 1000w=1kw
      (2) 功率的另一个表达式: P=Fvcosa
      当F与v方向相同时, P=Fv. (此时cos0度=1)
      此公式即可求平均功率,也可求瞬时功率
      1)平均功率: 当v为平均速度时
      2)瞬时功率: 当v为t时刻的瞬时速度
      (3) 额定功率: 指机器正常工作时最大输出功率
      实际功率: 指机器在实际工作中的输出功率
      正常工作时: 实际功率≤额定功率
      (4) 机车运动问题(前提:阻力f恒定)
      P=Fv F=ma+f (由牛顿第二定律得)
      汽车启动有两种模式
      1) 汽车以恒定功率启动(a在减小,一直到0)
      P恒定v在增加F在减小 尤F=ma+f
      当F减小=f时v此时有最大值
      2) 汽车以恒定加速度前进(a开始恒定,在逐渐减小到0)
      a恒定F不变(F=ma+f) V在增加P实逐渐增加最大
      此时的P为额定功率 即P一定
      P恒定v在增加F在减小 尤F=ma+f
      当F减小=f时v此时有最大值
      3.功和能
      (1) 功和能的关系: 做功的过程就是能量转化的过程
      功是能量转化的量度
      (2) 功和能的区别: 能是物体运动状态决定的物理量,即过程量
      功是物体状态变化过程有关的物理量,即状态量
      这是功和能的根本区别.
      4.动能.动能定理
      (1) 动能定义:物体由于运动而具有的能量. 用Ek表示
      表达式Ek=1/2mv^2 能是标量 也是过程量
      单位:焦耳(J) 1kg*m^2/s^2 = 1J
      (2) 动能定理内容:合外力做的功等于物体动能的变化
      表达式W合=ΔEk=1/2mv^2-1/2mv0^2
      适用范围:恒力做功,变力做功,分段做功,全程做功
      5.重力势能
      (1) 定义:物体由于被举高而具有的能量. 用Ep表示
      表达式Ep=mgh 是标量 单位:焦耳(J)
      (2) 重力做功和重力势能的关系
      W重=-ΔEp
      重力势能的变化由重力做功来量度
      (3) 重力做功的特点:只和初末位置有关,跟物体运动路径无关
      重力势能是相对性的,和参考平面有关,一般以地面为参考平面
      重力势能的变化是绝对的,和参考平面无关
      (4) 弹性势能:物体由于形变而具有的能量
      弹性势能存在于发生弹性形变的物体中,跟形变的大小有关
      弹性势能的变化由弹力做功来量度
      6.机械能守恒定律
      (1) 机械能:动能,重力势能,弹性势能的总称
      总机械能:E=Ek+Ep 是标量 也具有相对性
      机械能的变化,等于非重力做功(比如阻力做的功)
      ΔE=W非重
      机械能之间可以相互转化
      (2) 机械能守恒定律: 只有重力做功的情况下,物体的动能和重力势能
      发生相互转化,但机械能保持不变
      表达式: Ek1+Ep1=Ek2+Ep2 成立条件:只有重力做功